山东自考本科自考英语二历年真题及答案一

　　1.答题前，考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。

 

　　2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试题卷上。

      山东自考本科自考英语历年真题及答案如下：

　一、 Vocabul ary and Structure(10 poi nts, 1 poi nt each) 从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案， 并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。

　　1. The traffic was held up for more than thirty minutes, ________caused me toarrive late.

　　A. it

　　B. that

　　C. what

　　D. which

　　答案： D

　　2. ________he has many friends， he is often feeling lonely.

　　A. As

　　B. When

　　C. While

　　D. Since

　　答案： C

　　3. Poor speaker of English though he was at the time， he still managed to makehimself_______.

　　A. understand

　　B. understood

　　C. understanding

　　D. to understand

　　答案： B

　　4. There are many sales this season， during which stores will lowertheir_________prices.

　　A. normal

　　B. general

　　C. ordinary

　　D. usual

　　答案： A

　　5. As for family education， parents are encouraged to rely on_________rather thanpunishment.

　　A. criticism

　　B. intimidation

　　C. persuasion

　　D. scolding

　　答案： C

　　6. Scientists doubt whether it’ s_________to regulate one’ s biological clock bydrinking.

　　A. feasible

　　B. incredible

　　C. fashionable

　　D. valuable

　　答案： A

　　7. You’ d better leave things________if you don’ t know how to deal with them.

　　A. lonely

　　B. only

　　C. lone

　　D. alone

　　答案： D

　　8. The room was quiet， _________the occasional coughing from my throat.

　　A. in case

　　B. except for

　　C. by far

　　D. instead of

　　答案： B

　　9. So far scientists have only acquired_________understanding of the physicalprocesses that cause earthquakes.

　　A. a partial

　　B. a changeable

　　C. an original

　　D. an individual

　　答案： A

　　10. The profit-sharing plan is designed to_______the staff to work hard.

　　A. calculate

　　B. demonstrate

　　C. speculate

　　D. motivate

　　答案： D

　　二、 Cl oze Test(1 0 poi nts, 1 poi nt each) 下列短文中有十个空白， 每个空白有四个选项。 根据上下文要求选出最佳答案， 并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。

　　1. Shopping for clothes is not the same experience for a man as it is for awoman. A man goes shopping1he needs something.His purpose is settled and decided2.Heknows what he wants and his objective is to find it and3it;the price is asecondary4. Most men5walk into a shop and ask the salesman6what they want.If the shophas it in stock,the salesman promptly7it,and the business of trying it onproceeds8. All being well,the9can be and often is completed in less than fiveminutes, with hardly any bargain and to their satisfaction.For a man，slight problemsmay begin when the shop does not have what he wants，10 does not have exactly whathe wants. In that case the salesman，as the name implies，tries to sell the customersomething else.

　　(1).

　　(A). although

　　(B). before

　　(C). unless

　　(D). because

　　答案：D

　　(2).

　　(A). in advance

　　(B). in addition

　　(C). in contrast

　　(D). in return

　　答案：A

　　(3).

　　(A). book

　　(B). order

　　(C). buy

　　(D). take

　　答案：C

　　(4).

　　(A). transaction

　　(B). consideration

　　(C). regulation

　　(D). possession

　　答案：B

　　(5).

　　(A). simply

　　(B). necessarily

　　(C). reluctantly

　　(D). inevitably

　　答案：A

　　(6).

　　(A). of

　　(B). with

　　(C). for

　　(D). at

　　答案：C

　　(7).

　　(A). leaves

　　(B). makes

　　(C). prevents

　　(D). produces

　　答案：D

　　(8).

　　(A). at once

　　(B). at first

　　(C). at best

　　(D). at least

　　答案：A

　　(9).

　　(A). sale

　　(B). deal

　　(C). payment

　　(D). request

　　答案：B

　　(10).

　　(A). and

　　(B). or

　　(C). but

　　(D). as

　　答案：B

　　三、 Readi ng Comprehensi on(30 poi nts, 2 poi nts each) 从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案， 并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。

　　1. My husband Christopher was once a financial planner. Even though he couldn’ tbalance our budget，his clients trusted him completely and he made them feelsecure. In exchange they paid him very well.We had a nice life then.At that time，myyoga studio(瑜伽馆)was just starting to make a profit，and I had recently decoratedit.At last， I was in control of my working life and poured my heart and soul intomaking it succeed.

　　When we first met，I fell hard for Christopher right away,although I wouldn’t callit love. I’ d never been with a man who was prettier than I was,but after a while Igot used to this，and it didn’t bother me so much.I was recovering from a brokenheart and needed something to help me move on.If it wasn’t love,it was goodenough， and when he asked me to marry him I jumped at the chance，knowing that itmight be my last.

　　Things started out so well.I was working steadily and Christopher was patientlyclimbing up the ladder in his department.Then，without any warning，one gray winterafternoon in year five，he just upped and left his desk at the bank，handed in hisresignation，and came home and told me he wanted to start an interior designbusiness.

　　He has always loved mixing and matching，and has a real eye for color,texture，andshape， but the idea of turning a hobby into a business wasn’t something we had everdiscussed. I thought the stress of his job was becoming too much and perhaps he wouldtake a few months off over the spring and summer to relax and get the idea out ofhis system. I didn’t believe he could be serious.But once he had a few clients，hebegan to draw up plans，ordering catalogues and turning our empty workshop into akind of makeshift studio with all of his sketches pinned to the wall.After spendinga lot of time and money on all of this preparation，and really doing quite a nicejob of it， he called each client in turn and apologized，saying he wouldn’t be ableto design their living spaces after all.

　　(1). As a financial planner, Christopher.

　　(A). paid his clients very well

　　(B). was trusted by his clients

　　(C). was making his yoga studio profitable

　　(D). could make his family’s budget balanced

　　答案：B

　　(2). The woman in the passage.

　　(A). fell in love with Christopher at first sight

　　(B). managed a yoga studio with her husband

　　(C). felt really uncomfortable with a smart man

　　(D). married Christopher because of a broken heart

　　答案：A

　　(3). His wife thought Christopher suddenly quit his job because he.

　　(A). couldn’t wait to get promoted

　　(B). had experience in interior design

　　(C). wanted to do something he enjoyed

　　(D). couldn’t bear the pressure from his job

　　答案：D

　　(4). The womanher husband’ s decision.

　　(A). was supportive of

　　(B). was indifferent to

　　(C). was satisfied with

　　(D). was negative about

　　答案：D

　　(5). It can be inferred from the last paragraph that Christopher.

　　(A). was more likely to change his mind

　　(B). would return to his office in the bank

　　(C). made a big success in interior design

　　(D). was not wellprepared for his business

　　答案：A

　　2. In a quiet， darkened lecture room， you begin a frustrating fight againstfatigue. The overhead projector hums， and you cannot concentrate on the slides.Youstop absorbing information and become absentminded. The professor lost you a longtime ago. You are bored.Virtually everyone gets bored once in a while. Most of us chalk it up to a dullenvironment. “The most common way to define boredom in Western culture is ‘havingnothing to do， ’ ” says psychologist Stephen Vodanovich of the University of WestFlorida. And indeed，early research into the effects of boredom focused on peopleforced to perform dull tasks，such as working a factory assembly line.But boredom is not merely an natural property of the circumstances,researcherssay.Rather this perception is subjective and rooted in aspects ofconsciousness.Levels of boredom vary among people：some individuals are far lessliable to boredom than others—and some，such as extroverts(性格外向者),are morelikely to have this feeling.

　　Thus， a new generation of scientists is coping with the psychologicalinterpretations of this most tedious of human emotions—and they have found that itis more complicated than is commonly known.Researchers say that boredom is not aunified concept but rather comes in several flavors.Level of attention,an aspect ofconscious awareness，plays an important role in boredom，such that improving aperson’s ability to focus may therefore decrease boredom.Emotional factors can alsocontribute to boredom.People who are poor in understanding their own feelings andthose who become sucked in and distracted by their moods are more easily bored，forample.Staying away from tedium is not easy.People who are liable to boredom are morelikely to suffer from ills such as depression and drug addiction;they also tend tobe socially awkward and poor performers at school or work.

　　(1). The purpose of the first paragraph is to.

　　(A). illustrate why people are less able to focus

　　(B). show how boring a lecture in a dark room is

　　(C). tell people how fatigue affects concentration

　　(D). describe a situation where people can get bored

　　答案：D

　　(2). It can be concluded from Para. 2 that.

　　(A). doing nothing leads people to get bored easily

　　(B). western people pay little attention to boredom

　　(C). boredom only affects the assembly line worker

　　(D). people are liable to get bored in a dull situation

　　答案：D

　　(3). Researchers hold that boredom results from.

　　(A). natural surroundings

　　(B). various kinds of factors

　　(C). sensitive personalities

　　(D). subjective perceptions

　　答案：B

　　(4). Improvement of people’ s ability to focus may.

　　(A). affect their moods

　　(B). distract their minds

　　(C). reduce their boredom

　　(D). increase their depression

　　答案：C

　　(5). The passage mainly involves.

　　(A). effects of boredom on people’s life and work

　　(B). various ways to conquer the feeling of boredom

　　(C). studies of possible reasons why people get bored

　　(D). the importance of scientific research into boredom

　　答案：C

　　3. Storytelling is one of the few human features that are truly universal acrossculture and through all of known history.Anthropologists find evidence of folktaleseverywhere in ancient cultures，written in anskrit，Latin,Greek,Chinese，Egyptianand Sumerian.People in societies of all types weave stories，from oral storytellersin huntergatherer tribes to the millions of writers bringing out books，televisionshows and movies.And when a characteristic behavior shows up in so many differentsocieties，researchers pay attention：its roots may tell us something about ourevolutionary past.

　　To study storytelling，scientists must first define what constitutes a story,andthat can prove tricky.Because there are so many diverse forms,scholars often definestory structure，known as narrative，by explaining what it is not.Expositioncontrasts with narrative by being a simple，straightforward explanation,such as alist of facts or an encyclopedia entry.Another standard approach defines narrativeas a series of causally linked events that unfold over time.A third definition drawson the typical narrative’s subject matter：the interactions of intentionalagents—characters with minds—who possess various motivations.However narrative is defined，people know it when they feel it.Whether fiction ornonfiction，a narrative engages its audience through psychologicalrealism—recognizable emotions and believable interactions among characters.“Everyone has a natural detector for psychological realism，”says RaymondA.Mar,assistant professor of psychology at York University in Toronto.“We can tellwhen something rings false.”But the best stories—those retold through generationsand translated into other languages—do more than simply present a believablepicture.These tales attract their audience，whose emotions can be closely tied tothose of the story’s characters.Such immersion(沉浸)is a state psychologistscall“narrative transport”.Researchers have only begun figuring out the relationsamong the variables that can initiate narrative transport.

　　(1). The passage indicates that storytelling.

　　(A). is becoming less and less popular in modern societies

　　(B). attracts researchers’attention all through human history

　　(C). is the best way to show the evolutionary past of human beings

　　(D). is a common cultural phenomenon all through the known history

　　答案：D

　　(2). The phrase“a characteristic behavior” in Para. 1 refers to.

　　(A). telling stories

　　(B). writing books

　　(C). studying folktales

　　(D). producing movies

　　答案：A

　　(3). Exposition is characterized by.

　　(A). believable pictures

　　(B). diverse subject matters

　　(C). a simple and direct explanation

　　(D). a number of causally linked events

　　答案：C

　　(4). How many approaches are mentioned to define a narrative?

　　(A). One.

　　(B). Two.

　　(C). Three.

　　(D). Four.

　　答案：C

　　(5). The best stories attract their audience because they.

　　(A). present a believable picture

　　(B). express the audience’s emotions

　　(C). are translated into other languages

　　(D). are retold from generation to generation

　　答案：B

　　四、 Word Spel l i ng(10 poi nts, 1 poi nt for two words) 将下列汉语单词译成英语。 每个单词的词类、 首字母及字母数目均已给出。 请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。

　　1. 能力， 能耐n. a_ _ _ _ _ _

　　答案： ability

　　2. 吹嘘， 自夸v. b_ _ _ _

　　答案： boast

　　3. 取消， 删除v. c_ _ _ _ _

　　答案： cancel

　　4. 危险的， 不安全的a. d_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

　　答案： dangerous

　　5. 过多的， 过分的a. e_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

　　答案： excessive

　　6. 设备; 便利n. f_ _ _ _ _ _ _

　　答案： facility

　　7. 喂草， 放牧v. g_ _ _ _

　　答案： graze

　　8. 几乎不， 几乎没有ad. h_ _ _ _ _

　　答案： hardly

　　9. 包括， 包含v. i_ _ _ _ _ _

　　答案： include

　　10. 律师n. l_ _ _ _ _

　　答案：lawyer

　　11. 较大的， 主要的a. m_ _ _ _

　　答案：major

　　12. 国家的， 民族的a. n_ _ _ _ _ _ _

　　答案：national

　　13. 操作， 经营n. o_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

　　答案：operation

　　14. 透入， 渗入v. p_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

　　答案：penetrate

　　15. 拒绝， 谢绝v. r_ _ _ _ _

　　答案：refuse

　　16. 幸存， 存活n. s_ _ _ _ _ _ _

　　答案：survival

　　17. 技术员n. t_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

　　答案：technician

　　18. 在楼上， 往楼上ad. u_ _ _ _ _ _ _

　　答案：upstairs

　　19. 老兵， 老手n. v_ _ _ _ _ _

　　答案：veteran

　　20. 获胜者， 优胜者n. w_ _ _ _ _

　　答案：winner

　　五、 Word Form(10 poi nts, 1 poi nt each) 将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。

　　1. It was___(care) of her to leave her purse lying on the desk.

　　答案： careless

　　2. The___(frighten) child gripped his mother’ s hands tightly.

　　答案： frightened

　　3. It might be possible to convert___(explode) energy into heat.

　　答案： explosive

　　4. Tom shouted at his wife， “You___(find) fault with me. ”

　　答案： are finding

　　5. Jack has exerted all his___(strong) to attain his goal.

　　答案： strength

　　6. The surface of the earth___(cover) by masses of land and larger areas of water.

　　答案： is covered

　　7. Tom was the only one of the lookers-on who___(be) willing to help.

　　答案： was

　　8. Unless there’ s a storm, we shall set off on our journey tomorrow as___ (plan) .

　　答案： planned

　　9. The young man was so tired that he fell___(sleep) the moment his head touched

　　the pillow.

　　答案： asleep

　　10. I would rather he___(paint) the wall white next time.

　　答案：painted

　　六、 Transl ati on from Chi nese i nto Engl i sh(15 poi nts, 3 poi nts each) 将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。

　　1. 电脑能帮助解决科学研究中的许多问题。

　　答案： Computers can help solve a lot of problems in scientific researches.

　　2. 好书的产生是努力工作的结果。

　　答案： Good books come about as the result of hard work.Good books are the result of hard work.

　　3. 问题在于她是否能自己克服这些困难。

　　答案： The question is whether she herself can overcome these difficulties.

　　The question is whether she can overcome these difficulties on her own.

　　4. 每个听到那条消息的人都兴奋得跳了起来。

　　答案：Everybody who had heard the news jumped for joy/with excitement.

　　5. 你只要不灰心， 一定会成功的。

　　答案： As long as you dont lose heart, you will succeed.

　　七、 Transl ati on from Engl i sh i nto Chi nese(15 poi nts) 将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。

　　1. Everyone agrees that children’ s language learning begins withlistening. However,individual children vary greatly in the amount of listening theydo before they start speaking,and late starters are often long listeners.Mostchildren will‘obey’spoken instructions some time before they can speak.Before theycan speak， many children also ask questions by gestures and noises. It is agreed thatthey enjoy making noises,and that during the first few months one or two noises areconsidered as a particular indication of delight，distress，sociability,and so on.But since three noises cannot be said to show the baby’s intention tocommunicate，they can hardly be regarded as early forms of language.It isagreed，too，that from about three months they play with sounds for enjoyment，andby six months they are able to add new sounds to their‘speech’.This selfimitationleads on to intentional imitation of sounds made or words spoken to them by otherpeople.Can these imitations be considered as speech?

　　答案： 大家都认同孩子学习语言是从听开始的。 不过， 各个孩子在开始讲话前听的多少却大不相同， 说话迟的孩子听的时间往往长。 大多数孩子在说话前的一段时间都会‘服从’ 口头指令。 许多孩子在会讲话前还会用某种体势及闹声来提问。 人们也同意孩子喜欢发出闹声这一说法， 而且认为在最初几个月， 一两声吵闹是快乐、 痛苦、 友善等的表示。 但是因为三声吵闹声还不能说是孩子想交流， 所以还很难被看作是孩子语言的雏形。 人们还赞同， 三个月左右的孩子以发出各种声音为乐， 到六个月的时候， 他们就能在发声时添加新的发音。 这种自我模仿将会发展为有意识地模仿他人的发音和话语。这些模仿能不能被看作是说话呢?