替换是经常出现在雅思听力测试中的一个难点,虽然说很少直接放在题目中考察,但是往往会成为干扰考生的陷阱。简单来说替换可以分为简单同义的替换和语义替换,下面详细分类讲解。
A. 简单同义的替换
就是指同一单词的换位解释,一般出现在时间的考题上会比较多。
例如:
FORTNIGHT=14 DAYS=2 WEEKS
3 DECADES=30 YEARS
SCORE=20
DOZEN=12
UNDER A WEEK= 5 OR 6 DAYS
EACH DAY DURING THE WEEK=ON WEEKDAYS
REOPEN IN NEXT FEW MONTHS=TEMPORARILY CLOSED
ENTRANCE=ACCESS
B. 语义替换
就是进一步的说明它到底是怎么回事。有一种总结、概括之感。
例如:
雅思真题上有一篇文章在讲婴儿床,里面就多次出现语义替换。
Base of cot could be moved.= Base of cot could be raised or lowered into two different positions.
婴儿床的底座是可以移动的,然而怎么移动?在听力中给出了详细解释,可以上下移动,这就是语义的替换。
Pictures could be removed easily.= There were pictures which were simply stuck on and so could easily become detached.
同样,也是进一步的阐明到底是怎么一回事。
真题中还有一篇文章在讲回收问题,其中有这样一题。
Glass designed to be utilized for cooking cannot be recycled with other types of glass.=Another difficulty is that toughened glass used for cooking doesn‘t fully melt at the temperature required for other glass, and so that also has to be picked out by hand.
他把玻璃到底是怎么回收的,给出了详细的解释。
同义替换有时会直接出现在题干当中,而语义替换则很少直接出现。大家在日常练习中一定要多加注意,避免自己因此丢分。
