如何找出雅思阅读中的信号词

来源:育路山东教育网发布时间:2012-03-13

     一、顺接和递进

 
    例词:also, furthermore, moreover , what is more , in addition
 
    考点:And Western scientists are starting to draw on this wisdom…
(C6, P28, Q31找标题)
 
    解析:And 在这句话开头,有一定的递进含义,this wisdom 则是指代了前
面一句话出现的their wealth of traditional knowledge (因纽特人传统的知
识),所以这两句话有紧密的联系,同学们在读题的时候要通过发现信号词,然
后发散地看它的前后句,最后把考点考察的意思补充完整。
 
    二、对比和转折
 
    例词:however , but, although , nevertheless , on the other hand,
by comparison , while
 
    考点:But such projects must be built to higher specifications and
with more accountability to local people and their environment than in
the past. (C7 P24 Q20)
 
    解题:此题是段落大意配对题,在确定H 段段落大意时,段落中间but 之后
出现的那句话就是解题的关键,根据句子中出现的两个比较级,可以确定答案应
该为X The need to raise standards.
 
    考点:While suggestopedia has gained some notoriety through success
in the teaching of modern languages , few teachers are able to emulate
the spectacular results of Lozanove and his associates. (C7 P27倒数第
二段 Q39, 40 )
 
    解析:段首句用while 引起注意,我们可以根据success ,和后半句中的few
teachers, spectacular results,搞定最后两个填空题。
 
    三、相似
 
    例词:similarly , in other words , that is, put another way, as
 
    考点: Thus , we concluded that the blind interpret abstract shapes
as sighted people do. (C4, P28, Q40)
 
    解析:题目考的是对文章的总结。因此解题时重点看文章中表示结论的句子,
thus这个单词给了我们提示,而句子中的as……do表达的是一个相似的逻辑,因
此答案可以确定为B.
 
    四、排列次序
 
    例词:firstly , second , another, the second , the most , the
best, next , then , now, later, since, eventually , finally…
 
    考点:First , it lacked the necessary technical vocabulary. Second,
it lacked the grammatical resources required to represent the world i
an objective and impersonal way ,……(C5, P49, Q30-31 )
 
    解析:题目30-31 考的是并列和否定的逻辑关系,原文中的first , second,
对应的就是题目中的neither ……nor ……这个并列关系,这两题的答案就迎刃
而解了。
 
    考点:First mechanism , then mass use of chemical fertiliser and
pesticides, then monocultures, then battery rearing of livestock, and
now genetic engineering – the onward marching of intensive farming has
seemed unstoppable in the last hal- century , as the yields of produce
have soared.(C7, P44, Q15)
 
    解析:段首句连用表示次序的信号词,first , then , then … and now,
体现发展的不同阶段。(the stages of development of farming industry C7
P77 选择配对)
 
    五、强调作用
 
    例词:in fact , in essence , in particular, emphasize…
 
    考点:This, in essence , is the problem of modern sociobiology-
to discover the degree to which hard-wired genetic programming dictates
…(C5, P21, Q18信息包含题)
 
    解析:信息包含题考察细节是在哪个段落出现,在做此类题目时,要注意信
号词与考点的密切相关性,从而迅速找准答案。这里出现了in essence(实质上),
起了一定的强调作用,迅速扫读后,发现同时出现了题目关键词sociobiology,
破折号后面的介词to表目的,与题目中的the general aim of一致对应。
 
    六、最高级、比较级
 
    例词:–est , most , best , more , better , superior , inferior,
preferable, exclusively, extremely……
 
    考点:Making a rapid emotional assessment of the events of the moment
is an extremely demanding job for the brain , animal or human. (C5,
P44 , Q24)
 
    解析:题目中出现了最高级the most difficult tasks,因此在原文中也应
该相应的出现最高级。除了明显的the most, -est ,还有些单词本身也含有最
高级的含义,比如extremely , exclusively, superficially,文中的这个extremely
demanding 对应的就是题目中的最高级,所以答案也确定。
 
    七、因果关系
 
    例词:as, because, since, lead to, as a result, result in, consequently,
therefore , thus , the caused of…
 
    考点:Until recently, not much was known about the topic , and little
help was available to teachers to deal with bullying. Perhaps as a consequence,
schools would often deny the problem. (C6, P94, Q33)
 
    解题:题目问的是学校否认问题反应了什么,就是这个现象的根本原因。因
此原文中consequence 就给解题提供了信息,根据consequence 之前的一句话就
可以将答案找到。
 
    八、举例子和说明
 
    例词:for example , for instance , that is to say , i.e. , such
as, including…
 
    考点:Other substances were then introduced : including fillers,
such as woodflour , asbestos or cotton …(C5, P39, Q5 流程图)
 
    解析:我们看到such as 后面是举例子,such as 后面的例子可以作为定位
词,woodflour , asbestos , cotton 就是fillers 的其中一种。Fillers 在
这里就是一个概括性的词语,常常是考点。
 
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