44、A young man who lived in London was in love with a beautiful girl. Soon she became his fiancée （未婚妻）. The man was very poor while the girl was rich. The young man wanted to make her a present on her birthday. He wanted to buy something beautiful for her, but he had no idea how to do it, as he had very little money. The next morning he went to a shop. There were many fine things there: gold watches, diamond… but all these things were too expensive. There was one thing he could not take his eyes off. It was a beautiful vase. That was a suitable present for his fiancée. He had been looking at the vase for half an hour when the manager of the shop noticed him. The young man looked so pale, sad and unhappy that the manager asked what had happened to him.
The young man told him everything. The manager felt sorry for him and decided to help him. A bright idea struck him. The manager pointed to the corner of the shop. To his great surprise the young man saw a vase broken into many pieces. The manager said: "When the servant enters the room, he will drop it."
On the birthday of his fiancée the young man was very excited.
Everything happened as had been planned. The servant brought in the vase, and as he entered the room, he dropped it. There was horror on everybody's face. When the box was opened, the guests saw that each piece was packed separately.
(1)、The story took place in the United States.
A：T
B：F
答案：B
(2)、The young man's family was poor while the beautiful girl is rich, according to the passage.
A：T
B：F
答案：A
(3)、The young man wanted to buy a present as a Christmas gift for the girl.
A：T
B：F
答案：B
(4)、The shop manager came to talk to the young man, because he was poorly dressed.
A：T
B：F
答案：B
(5)、On the birthday of his fiancée, the young man was excited because the girl was in love with him.
A：T
B：F
答案：B
45、Our child's behavior is greatly influenced by the way we react to what he has done. Our reactions help to determine whether our child will repeat his behavior or whether he will do something different. This statement is a very important part of a principle of behavioral psychology.
The principle states that a behavior is influenced or affected by how the environment ---- people, places and things ---- immediately responds to the behavior. Perhaps without realizing it, you have used this principle many times.
On the occasion when you told your child what a good boy he was after he cleaned up his room, you used the principle. When you sent your child to his room for fighting with his brother, you used the principle. When I gave Kim a cookie after she started to cry, I used the principle. In each of these examples, a particular behavior occurred first ---- cleaning up a room, fighting, and crying.
In addition, there was a reaction to each behavior ---- the child was praised, sent to his room, or given a cookie. By these actions, we have influenced the previous behaviors and have helped to determine whether those behaviors will occur again in the future.
(1)、The lecture is mainly about Children's behavior and our response.
A：T
B：F
答案：A
(2)、The lecture is based on the principle in behavioral psychology.
A：T
B：F
答案：A
(3)、The audience at this lecture might be social workers.
A：T
B：F
答案：B
(4)、According to the lecture, the child was sent to his room as a kind of reward.
A：T
B：F
答案：B
(5)、People, places and things are elements of "environment" meant by the lecturer.
A：T
B：F
答案：A
46、Younger people and older people do not always agree. They sometimes have different ideas about life, work and play. But in one special program in New York State, adults and teenagers live together in peace. Each summer 200 teenagers and 50 adults live together for eight weeks as members of a special work group. Everyone works several hours each day. The aim is not just to keep busy but rather to find meaning and enjoyment in work. Some teenagers work in the woods or on the farms near the village. Some learn to make furniture and to build houses. The adults teach them these skills.
There are several free hours each day. Weekends are free, too. During the free hours some of the teenagers learn photography or painting. Others sit around talking and singing. Each teenager chooses his own way to spend his free time.
When people live together, rules are always necessary. In this program the teenagers and the adults make the rules together. If someone breaks a rule, the problem goes before the whole group. The group discusses the problem. They ask, "Why did it happen? " "What should we do about it? "
One of the teenagers has this to say about the experience: " You stop thinking only about yourself. You learn how to think about the group. "
(1)、The passage is mainly about how adults and teenagers live together in a special group.
A：T
B：F
答案：A
(2)、The special program offered every winter in New York city.
A：T
B：F
答案：B
(3)、People will make more rules when someone breaks a rule.
A：T
B：F
答案：B
(4)、To find a way to solve the generation gap is NOT stated directly in the passage as a purpose of the program.
A：T
B：F
答案：A
(5)、Some teenagers learn photography when they are free.
A：T
B：F
答案：A
47、 In Sydney there is a special long-distance running race called the City to Surf. The race takes place on the second Sunday in August every year. More than 23,000 people run in the race.
The race is 14 kilometers long. It starts in the center of the city and finishes at a surf beach called Bondi. That is why it's called the City to Surf.
All kinds of people run in the City to Surf. Some people take their small children in strollers. Other people take their dogs on the lead.
Blind people in wheelchairs also take part in the race. Old people take part in the race too. In 1981 the oldest runner was an 81-year-old man and his sister Linda, 76 was the last runner to finish.
At the end of the race an official writes down the runner's names and running times. The newspaper prints the names and running times of the competitors a few days later.
In 1981 the first runner took just 40 minutes to run the race. The last runner took two and a half hours.
The first man and the first woman to cross the finishing line each received a trophy and a free trip to San Francisco in the United States. There they ran in another long-distance race.
(1)、An annual long-distance running race in Sydney is "The City to Surf".
A：T
B：F
答案：A
(2)、The race starts in center Sydney and finishes at Bondi.
A：T
B：F
答案：A
(3)、The race is held in winter.
A：T
B：F
答案：B
(4)、Local citizens take part in the race.
A：T
B：F
答案：B
(5)、Old-aged runners are especially encouraged to join the race.
A：T
B：F
答案：B
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